Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subjects (N = 665)
Characteristics | n | % |
|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic | ||
Gender | (665) | Â |
 Male | 204 | 30.7 |
 Female | 461 | 69.3 |
Age (years old) | (665) | Â |
 18–50 | 20 | 3.0 |
 51–60 | 99 | 14.9 |
 61–70 | 270 | 40.6 |
 71–80 | 183 | 27.5 |
 81 or above | 93 | 14.0 |
Education | (664) | Â |
 None received/Primary | 388 | 58.4 |
 Secondary | 232 | 35.0 |
 Tertiary or above | 44 | 6.6 |
Marital status | (663) | Â |
 Never married/Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 173 | 26.1 |
 Married | 490 | 73.9 |
Occupation | (618) | Â |
 Unemployed/Retired/Homemaker | 522 | 84.5 |
 Labour work | 55 | 8.9 |
 clerical work | 22 | 3.6 |
 Professional or manager | 19 | 3.0 |
Clinical | ||
Types of musculoskeletal disease | (665) | Â |
 Back only | 154 | 23.2 |
 Knee only | 437 | 65.7 |
 Both | 74 | 11.1 |
Duration of musculoskeletal disease | (658) | Â |
  < 1 year | 101 | 15.3 |
 1–5 years | 187 | 28.4 |
 5–10 years | 137 | 20.8 |
  > 10 years | 233 | 35.5 |
Number of the comorbidity | (665) | Â |
 0 | 81 | 12.1 |
 1 | 305 | 45.9 |
 2 | 187 | 28.1 |
 3 | 71 | 10.7 |
 4 +  | 21 | 3.2 |
Comorbidities | (299) | Â |
 Hypertension only | 272 | 91.0 |
 Diabetes mellitus only | 27 | 9.0 |
 Both hypertension and diabetes | 158 | 52.8 |
EQ-5D-5L response distribution | ||
Mobility | (665) | Â |
 No problem | 276 | 41.5 |
 Slight problems | 215 | 32.3 |
 Moderate problems | 114 | 17.1 |
 Severe problems/Unable to | 60 | 9.0 |
Self-care | (665) | Â |
 No problem | 524 | 78.8 |
 Slight problems | 94 | 14.1 |
 Moderate problems | 29 | 4.4 |
 Severe problems/Unable to | 18 | 2.7 |
Usual activities | (664) | Â |
 No problem | 359 | 54.1 |
 Slight problems | 175 | 26.4 |
 Moderate problems | 91 | 13.7 |
 Severe problems/Unable to | 39 | 5.9 |
Pain/Discomfort | (665) | Â |
 No problem | 83 | 12.5 |
 Slight problems | 297 | 44.7 |
 Moderate problems | 197 | 29.6 |
 Severe problems/Unable to | 88 | 13.2 |
Depression/anxiety | (665) | Â |
 No problem | 359 | 54.0 |
 Slight problems | 203 | 30.5 |
 Moderate problems | 63 | 9.5 |
 Severe problems/Unable to | 40 | 6.0 |
EQ-5D-5L/VAS scores (mean, SD) | (664) | Â |
Utility score (range: − 0.8637 to 1) | 0.66 | 0.28 |
VAS score (out of 100) | 64.01 | 18.20 |