Table 3 Factors associated with patients’ PEOU and PU scores on the e-EQ-5D-5L/VAS at baseline

Socio-demographic

Gender

 Male

0.021

0.580

 − 0.064

0.138

 Female^§

–

–

–

–

Age

 − 0.230

 < 0.001*

 − 0.061

0.208

Education

 None received/Primary

 − 0.453

 < 0.001*

 − 0.129

0.139

 Secondary

 − 0.158

0.032*

 − 0.041

0.628

 Tertiary or above^§

–

–

–

–

Occupation

 Unemployed/Homemaker/Retired

0.049

0.362

0.137

0.027*

 Labour work

0.123

0.008*

0.066

0.208

 Clerical work

0.076

0.058

0.066

0.454

 Professional or manager^§

–

–

–

–

Marital Status

 Never married/Separated/Divorced/Widowed^§

–

–

–

–

Married

0.038

0.303

 − 0.034

0.454

Clinical characteristic

Number of chronic diseases

0.038

0.282

 − 0.046

0.272

Type of musculoskeletal disease

 Back only

0.019

0.599

0.009

0.819

 Knee only

0.054

0.136

 < 0.001

0.994

 Both^§

–

–

–

–

Duration of diagnosis

  < 1 year^§

–

–

–

–

 1–5 years

 − 0.006

0.906

 − 0.048

0.245

 5–10 years

0.058

0.231

 − 0.054

0.352

  > 10 years

0.002

0.967

 − 0.035

0.527

e-EQ-5D-5L utility score

 − 0.111

0.005*

 − 0.019

0.741

VAS score

0.089

0.025*

0.090

0.044*