Fig. 5

Total causal effects of LiNGAM. Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Model (LiNGAM) total causal effect scores. Abbreviations: diagx2_2d: lung or colorectal cancer, or other cancers, stage: cancer TNM stage at admission, active_treatment: receipt of chemotherapy or other systemic treatments, surgery or radiotherapy at the time of admission, time_after_dx: time elapsed since diagnosis at the time of admission, PF2: physical functioning, RF2: role functioning, EF: emotional functioning, SF: social functioning, CF: cognitive functioning, FA: fatigue, NV: nausea and vomiting, PA: pain, DY: dyspnea, SL: insomnia, AP: appetite loss, CO: constipation, DI: diarrhea, FI: financial difficulties