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Table 2 Summary of the applicable scenarios for each method

From: Comparison of different approaches in handling missing data in longitudinal multiple-item patient-reported outcomes: a simulation study

method

monotonicity

missing mechanisms

the ratio of the non-response units and the non-response items

MMRM

monotonic

MCAR, MAR

Unrestricted

non-monotonic

MCAR, MAR, MNAR

Unrestricted

MICE

monotonic

MCAR, MAR, MNAR

The proportion of unit non-response ≤ 0.5

non-monotonic

MCAR, MAR

The proportion of unit non-response ≤ 0.5

PPMs (J2R, CR, CIR)

monotonic

MNAR

Unrestricted

non-monotonic

-

-

  1. SCORE-MICE, MMRMD, and LOCF methods are not recommended in any scenarios