Table 1 Characteristics of the oldest-old population
|  | All respondents with LTC Needs | Unmet needs = 0 | Unmet needs = 1 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 1444 | 972 (67.31%) | 472 (32.69%) | Â |
QALYs, mean (SD) | 0.73 (0.23) | 0.75 (0.23) | 0.68 (0.22) | < 0.001 |
Age, mean (SD) | 95.75 (9.13) | 94.21 (9.29) | 98.91 (7.90) | < 0.001 |
Age group, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
80–85 years old | 334 (23.13%) | 279 (28.70%) | 55 (11.65%) |  |
86–95 years old | 237 (16.41%) | 181 (18.62%) | 56 (11.86%) |  |
96–105 years old | 751 (52.01%) | 452 (46.50%) | 299 (63.35%) |  |
> 105 years old | 122 (8.45%) | 60 (6.17%) | 62 (13.14%) |  |
Gender, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.199 |
Female | 1,099 (76.11%) | 730 (75.10%) | 369 (78.18%) | Â |
Male | 345 (23.89%) | 242 (24.90%) | 103 (21.82%) | Â |
Residence, N (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.009 |
Urban | 280 (19.39%) | 207 (21.30%) | 73 (15.47%) | Â |
Rural | 1,164 (80.61%) | 765 (78.70%) | 399 (84.53%) | Â |
Education level, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Educated | 177 (12.26%) | 139 (14.30%) | 38 (8.05%) | Â |
Illiterate | 1,267 (87.74%) | 833 (85.70%) | 434 (91.95%) | Â |
Marital status, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Single | 14 (0.96%) | 10 (0.99%) | 4 (0.89%) | Â |
Married | 372 (25.75%) | 287 (29.56%) | 85 (18.04%) | Â |
Widowed | 1058 (73.29%) | 675 (69.45%) | 383 (81.07%) | Â |
No. of leisure activities, mean (SD) | 1.01 (0.94) | 1.08 (0.93) | 0.88 (0.94) | < 0.001 |
Regular social contacts | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 542 (37.56%) | 392 (40.33%) | 150 (31.84%) | Â |
No | 902 (62.44%) | 580 (59.67%) | 322 (68.16%) | < 0.001 |
Regular family contacts | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 1337 (92.56%) | 887 (91.22%) | 450 (95.29%) | < 0.001 |
No | 107 (7.44%) | 85 (8.78%) | 22 (4.71%) | Â |
Living alone (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.139 |
Yes | 208 (14.40%) | 133 (13.68%) | 75 (15.89%) | Â |
No | 1236 (85.60%) | 839 (86.32%) | 397 (84.11%) | Â |
Living Arrangements (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.128 |
Living with children but not with the spouse | 1,067 (73.89%) | 709 (72.94%) | 358 (75.85%) | Â |
Living with the spouse and children | 39 (2.70%) | 31 (3.19%) | 8 (1.69%) | Â |
Living with the spouse but not with children | 52 (3.60%) | 38 (3.91%) | 14 (2.97%) | Â |
Living with grandchildren | 53 (3.67%) | 43 (4.42%) | 10 (2.12%) | Â |
Living with other relatives | 16 (1.11%) | 11 (1.13%) | 5 (1.06%) | Â |
Living alone | 208 (14.40%) | 133 (13.68%) | 75 (15.89%) | Â |
Living in a nursing home | 9 (0.62%) | 7 (0.72%) | 2 (0.42%) | Â |
ADL score, mean (SD) | 81.81 (22.96) | 83.12 (22.86) | 79.11 (22.95) | 0.002 |
ADL disability, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 528 (36.57%) | 405 (41.67%) | 123 (26.06%) | Â |
Yes | 916 (63.43%) | 567 (58.33%) | 349 (73.94%) | Â |
IADL score, mean (SD) | 2.90 (2.51) | 3.24 (2.53) | 2.19 (2.31) | < 0.001 |
IADL disability, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 187 (12.95%) | 146 (15.02%) | 41 (8.69%) | Â |
Yes | 1,257 (87.05%) | 826 (84.98%) | 431 (91.31%) | Â |
No. of drugs per day, mean (SD) | 0.43 (0.86) | 0.48 (0.92) | 0.33 (0.70) | 0.007 |
Hearing impairment, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 1,156 (80.06%) | 823 (84.67%) | 333 (70.55%) | Â |
Yes | 288 (19.94%) | 149 (15.33%) | 139 (29.45%) | Â |
Vision impairment, N (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 1,107 (76.66%) | 781 (80.35%) | 326 (69.07%) | Â |
Yes | 337 (23.34%) | 191 (19.65%) | 146 (30.93%) | Â |
Sleep quality |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Good Sleep quality | 492 (34.04%) | 361 (37.09%) | 131 (27.74%) | Â |
Normal Sleep quality | 799 (55.30%) | 523 (53.85%) | 275 (58.28%) | Â |
Poor Sleep quality | 154 (10.66%) | 88 (9.06%) | 66 (13.98%) | Â |