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Table 2 Association between unmet LTC needs and HRQOL

From: Unmet long-term care needs and their association with health-related quality of life among Chinese oldest-old population

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

 

QALYs

Mobility

Selfcare

Usual activities

Pain/

Discomfort

Depression/

Anxiety

Unmet LTC needs

-0.04***

0.18**

0.19**

0.09

0.27***

0.09***

 

(0.01)

(0.08)

(0.09)

(0.08)

(0.08)

(0.04)

Age

-0.00

0.01

-0.01

0.01***

-0.01

-0.04***

 

(0.00)

(0.01)

(0.01)

(0.00)

(0.00)

(0.01)

Male

0.01

-0.09

0.07

0.00

-0.08

-0.02

(ref = female)

(0.01)

(0.10)

(0.11)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.13)

Rural

-0.03*

0.18

0.24**

0.12

0.12

0.36**

(ref = Urban)

(0.01)

(0.11)

(0.12)

(0.11)

(0.10)

(0.15)

Illiterate

0.02

-0.29**

-0.26*

-0.20

0.15

-0.24

 

(0.02)

(0.13)

(0.14)

(0.13)

(0.13)

(0.17)

Marital status (ref = single)

      

Married

0.03

0.01

-0.16

0.32

-0.58*

-0.28

 

(0.06)

(0.32)

(0.38)

(0.38)

(0.32)

(0.42)

Widowed

-0.06

0.56*

0.27

0.76**

-0.38

-0.05

 

(0.06)

(0.32)

(0.38)

(0.38)

(0.32)

(0.41)

No. of Leisure activities

0.05***

-0.32***

-0.38***

-0.30***

-0.03

-0.32***

 

(0.01)

(0.05)

(0.06)

(0.05)

(0.05)

(0.07)

Regular social contacts

0.02*

-0.09

-0.11

-0.17**

-0.06

-0.05

 

(0.01)

(0.08)

(0.09)

(0.08)

(0.08)

(0.10)

Regular family contacts

0.01

0.03

-0.03

-0.13

0.01

-0.32**

 

(0.02)

(0.15)

(0.13)

(0.13)

(0.14)

(0.16)

Living alone

0.02*

-0.08

-0.14

-0.19*

0.02

0.12*

(ref = living with others)

(0.01)

(0.10)

(0.12)

(0.11)

(0.10)

(0.06)

ADL disability

0.03***

-0.26***

-0.27***

-0.22***

-0.08***

-0.04***

 

(0.00)

(0.02)

(0.02)

(0.01)

(0.01)

(0.01)

No. of drugs per day

-0.03***

0.11**

0.10**

0.04

0.24***

0.13**

 

(0.01)

(0.04)

(0.05)

(0.04)

(0.04)

(0.05)

Hearing impairment

-0.05***

0.28**

0.34***

0.23**

0.08

0.31***

 

(0.01)

(0.11)

(0.11)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.12)

Vison

impairment

-0.03**

0.15

0.17*

0.17*

0.05

0.17

 

(0.01)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.10)

(0.12)

Sleep quality

(ref = bad sleep quality)

      

Good sleep quality

0.05***

-0.32**

0.05

-0.10

-0.36***

-0.67***

 

(0.02)

(0.13)

(0.14)

(0.13)

(0.13)

(0.15)

Normal sleep quality

0.01

-0.19

0.20

-0.02

-0.02

-0.28**

 

(0.02)

(0.13)

(0.13)

(0.12)

(0.12)

(0.14)

_cons

0.21**

     
 

(0.10)

     

/

      

var(e.qaly)

0.03***

     
 

(0.00)

     

cut1

 

-4.31***

-5.29***

-2.84***

-1.74***

-3.89***

  

(0.74)

(0.80)

(0.72)

(0.66)

(0.85)

cut2

 

-1.01

-2.20***

0.08

0.80

-1.85**

  

(0.70)

(0.75)

(0.69)

(0.65)

(0.85)

N

1444

1444

1444

1444

1444

1444

  1. Standard errors in parentheses
  2. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01